General

• What is random number generation?, RSA Labs FAQ.
• An Introduction to Using Random Number Generators, National HPCC Software Exchange(NHSE) Random Number Generator Library.
• Handbook of Applied Cryptography; Chapter 5, Pseudorandom Bits and Sequences (22 pages), Alfred J. Menezes, Paul C. van Oorschot and Scott A. Vanstone, July 1999. (local copy)
• Randomness Recommendations for Security, RFC1750, D. Eastlake et. al., Dec. 1994.
• Oded Goldreich's Home, Professor of Computer Science at the Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science of Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel.
  • The Foundations of Cryptography(Book), Chapter 3 Pseudorandom Generator, by Oded Goldreich, (local copy).
    • Computational Randomness, 1997, Oded Goldreich' survey, (local copy).
    • Pseudorandomness, 2000, Oded Goldreich' survey, (local copy).
  • Pseudorandomness and Computational Indistingushability page, by Oded Goldreich.
    • Lecture Notes on Pseudorandomness - Part I (polynomial-time generators), O. Goldreich, Jan. 2001.
    • Lecture Notes on Pseudorandomness - Part II (derandomization), L. Trevisan, 2000.

Resources

[Cryptographically Generated Random Number]
• ANSI X9.17 (3-DES based)
  • Handbook of Applied Cryptography Chapter 5, p173 참조.
• FIPS 186 Appendix 3: Random Number Generation for the DSA (SHA-1/DES based), (local copy)
• Blum Blum Shub Generator
  • A simple unpredictable pseudo-random number generator, L. Blum, M. Blum, and M. Shub, SIAM Journal on Computing, vol. 15, Nov. 2, p364-383, May 1986.
    - Applied Cryptography, Bruce Schneier, p417-418 참조.
• Yarrow, based on hash functions, by Counterpane, document, source code.
  • Notes on the Design and Analysis of the Yarrow Cryptographic Pseudorandom Number Generator, J. Keisey et. al., (local copy)
• PKCS #14 - Pseudorandom Number Generation Standard, RSA Laboratories, still under development, Presentation of v1.0 proposal(PowerPoint slide) from the '98 Workshop
  
  [Reference Sites]
• Random Number Generation and Testing(NIST)
  • Guide to the Statistical Tests, NIST
  • A Statistical Test Suite for the Validation of Random Number Generators and Pseudo Random Number Generators for Cryptographic Applications, NIST Special Publication 800-22, A. Rukhin, et. al. revised Dec. 2000. (local copy)
  • Statistical Testing of Random Number Generators, Proceedings of the 22nd National Information Systems Security Conference, Oct. 1999. (local copy), (presentation)
• Intel Random Number Generator Documentation page
  • Random Numbers in Data Security Systems, Scott Durrant, Intel Platform Security Division.
  • Random Numbers for Trusted Applications, Intel Platform Security Division.
  • Hardware-based RNG (non technical) White Paper, RSA.
  • Using RSA BSAFE Crypto-C with the Intel Random Number Generator, RSA.
  • Intel Random Number Generator, B. Jun and P. Kocher, Apr. 22, 1999.
• David Wagner's Home Page
  • collecting randomness, papers, source code.
• pLab Random Number Generator Library, University of Salzburg, Austria.
  • Cryptographic Random Numbers

  [Hardware based]

• SG100, Protego Information AB, SWEDEN.
  • General About a Hardware Random Number Generator, SG100 white paper
• HotBits; generated by radioactive decay
• Bell Labs
• Open Random Bit Generator, by APA Consulting.
• Z5000, Generator for True Random Numbers, by WESTPHAL ELECTRONIC.

  [Software based]

• Mersenne Twister(pseudorandom number generator) Home Page, source code, reference.
• TT800 source code, by M. Matsumoto.
• The Scalable Parallel Random Number Generators(SPRNG) Library, SPRNG 1.0 document, source code.
• CRAND, C++ package for transforming realizations of independent, identically U(0,1)-distributed variables to various other distribution.
• Random numbers page of Mathtool.net
• Newran02, Robert Davies's C++ random number generation library.
• Generic implementations(ANSI C) of pLab member Otmar Lendl.
• Numerical Recipes in C(e-Book), Chpter 7 Random Numbers.
• C++ package
• Random Number Generation, Pseudo-Random number generation using R250, Quasi-Random number generation, source and document, by Everett (Skip) Carter.

  [Test]

• NIST Statistical Test Suite and sample data
• ENT, A Pseudorandom Number Sequence Test Program, source code.
• pLab's Tests for Random Numbers
• Crypt-X '98, by Information Security Research Centre.
• The DIEHARD Test Suite

Papers/Articles

• Randomness and the Netscape Browser, How secure is the World Wide Web?, Ian Goldberg and David Wagner, Dr. Dobb's Journal, 2001.
• Software Generation of Practically Strong Random Numbers, Peter Gutmann, 1998 Usenix Security Symposium, (local copy), new version of the paper, Jun. 2000. (local copy), useful !
• On Pseudorandomness with respect to Deterministic Observers, O. Goldreich and A. Wigderson, May 4, 2000. (local copy)
• Intel 82802 Firmware Hub: Random Number Generator, Programmer's Reference Manual, Intel, Dec. 1999. (local copy)
• A Practical Secure Physical Random Bit Generator, M. Jakobsson, E. Shriver, B. K. Hillyer and A. Juels, Proceedings of the 5th ACM conference on Computer and communications security, Nov. 2 - 5, 1998, San Francisco. (local copy)
• Not all (possibly) "random" sequences are created equal, S. Pincus, and Rudolf E. Kalman, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 94, pp. 3513-3518, Apr. 1997. (local copy)
• True random number generators, Davies.
• Proper Initialization for the BSAFE Random Number Generator, RSA Bulletins Num. 3, Jan. 25, 1996. (local copy)
• Suggestions for Random Number Generation in Software, Tim Matthews, RSA Bulletins Num. 1, Jan. 22, 1996 (local copy)
  
  
• Distribution of the Number of Visits of a Random Walk and a Test of Randomness, M. Baron and Andrew L. Rukhin, Technical Report Number: TR98-06, Apr. 1998, (local copy)
• An Accurate Evaluation of Maurer's Universal Test, J. S. Coron and D. Naccache, Technical Report IT01-1998, (local copy)
• Preliminary Analysis of the BSAFE 3.x Pseudorandom Number Generators, RSA Bulletins Num. 8, Sep. 3, 1998. (local copy)
• Cryptanalytic Attacks on Pseudorandom Number Generators, J. Kelsey, B. Schneier, D. Wagner, and C. Hall, Fifth International Workshop Proceedings(March 1998), Springer-Verlag, 1998, pp. 168-188. (local copy)
• Approximate Entropy for Testing Randomness, Andrew L. Rukhin, Technical Report Number: TR98-07, Apr. 1998. (local copy)
  
  
• Perfect Simulation from the Quicksort Limit Distribution, L. Devroye et. al., Electronic Communications in Probability, vol. 5, pp. 95-99, 2000. (local copy)
• Simulating perpetuities, L. Devroye, Jan. 2000.
• Random Numbers for Computer Simulation, Hannes Leeb, 1995. (local copy)
  
  
• A Fast and Compact Quantum Random Generator, T. Jennewein et. al., Dec. 28, 1999. (local copy)
• Inversive pseudorandom number generators: concepts, results, and links, Peter Hellekalek, Proceedings of the 1995 Winter Simulation Conference, pp. 255-262. , 1995. (local copy)
• Nonlinear congruential pseudorandom number generators, A. Weingartner, 1994. (local copy)